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"God Save the Tsar!" ((ロシア語:Боже, Царя храни!); transliteration: Bozhe, Tsarya khrani!) was the national anthem of the former Russian Empire. The song was chosen from a competition held in 1833. The composer was violinist Alexei Lvov, and the lyrics were by the court poet Vasily Zhukovsky. It was the anthem until the Russian Revolution of 1917, after which "Worker's Marseillaise" was adopted as the new national anthem until the overthrow of the Russian Provisional Government. ==History== Many composers made use of the theme in their compositions, most notably Tchaikovsky, who quoted it in the 1812 Overture, the ''Marche Slave'', his overture on the Danish national anthem, and the Festival Coronation March. During the Soviet era, authorities altered Tchaikovsky's music (such as the 1812 Overture and ''Marche Slave''), substituting other patriotic melodies, such as the "Glory" chorus from Mikhail Glinka's opera ''A Life for the Tsar'', for "God Save the Tsar".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Aftershocks of 1812: Nationalism and Censorship in Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture )〕 Charles Gounod uses the theme in his Fantaisie sur l'Hymne National Russe (Fantasy on the Russian National Hymn). William Walton's score for the 1970 film ''Three Sisters'', based on Chekhov's play, is dominated by the theme. In 1842, English author Henry Chorley wrote "God, the Omnipotent!", set to Lvov's tune and published in 19th- and 20th-century hymnals as the ''Russian Hymn''. The ''Russian Hymn'' tune continues to appear in various modern English language hymnals, such as those of the United Methodist Church, the Presbyterian Church, the ''Lutheran Book of Worship'' of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, or as ''Russia'' in ''The Hymnal 1982'' of the U.S. Episcopal Church. The same melody is also used with different lyrics for various institutional songs: West Chester University Alma Mater, ''Hail, Pennsylvania!'' (alma mater of the University of Pennsylvania), ''Dear Old Macalester'' (alma mater of Macalester College), ''Hail, Delta Upsilon'' (Delta Upsilon Fraternity), ''Firm Bound in Brotherhood'' (official song of the Order of the Arrow), the ''UST High School Hymn'' of the University of Santo Tomas High School in Manila, and the alma mater of Jesuit College Preparatory School of Dallas in Dallas, Texas, Westover School in Middlebury, Connecticut titled "Raise Now to Westover", Tabor Academy in Marion, Massachusetts, Dimmitt High School in Dimmitt, Texas, (Grant High School in Portland, Oregon and Jesuit High School in Tampa, Florida. Maurice Jarre's score for the film 1965 film ''Doctor Zhivago'' uses this song in several tracks, most notably in the Overture. In 1998, singer-songwriter Alexander Gradsky, one of the best-known rock artists during the Soviet period, proposed using the song again as the Russian national anthem, but with substantially different lyrics from those originally written by Zhukovsky. It is also used by Zeta Iota Tau, the National Honorary Percussion Fraternity, to honor their ZIT Czar (pronounced "Tsar"), the courageous head that leads all other ZITs through such trials and tribulations as the roll for the national anthem, or the dreaded 7 AM rehearsal. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「God Save the Tsar!」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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